- Genetic engineering, also called genetic modification, is the direct manipulation of an organism’s genome using biotechnology. It involves the transfer of genes withspecific traits from one organism or plant to another of a completely different species leading to transfer of given traits from the parent to the host.
- New DNA may be inserted in the host genome by first isolating and copying the gene of interest using molecular cloning methods to generate a DNA sequence, or by synthesizing the DNA, and then inserting this construct into the host organism.
- Applications of genetic engineering: Production of Insulin,monoclonal antibodies, vaccines and other drugs.
- Creation of genetically modified crops that is resistant to pests, diseases, varying environmental conditions and also for increased yield.