DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) is the genetic material in most organisms, including humans, and carries genetic information from one generation to the next. The genetic makeup of an organism directs its external appearances and various other traits, including increases risks to certain diseases and disorders.
Its monomers are called as nucleotides, which are arranged in a specific pattern to make up a gene. Each gene controls one character. Any change in the arrangement of these genes will change the trait, and potentially cause many disorders.